Impact of Job Stress on Employee Motivation in the UK Hotel Industry (GC01544)
Acknowledgment
First of all, many thanks to my almighty God for his authenticity as well as also thanks to him for giving me the opportunity for what I have gained today. Then, my cordial honor is for my research supervisor. I appreciate my supervisor’s support and encouragement that he provided me through my research work. In addition, many thanks to all the participants in the survey who have supported me to complete my research work properly. Particularly, my appreciation goes out mainly to the survey participants for their effective participation and helpful comments for my research’s survey work. Finally, I am grateful to authors who contributed a lot as well as led me to the successful completion of this thesis. The authors’ work has given me huge information about the research work.
Abstract
This study looks into the factors that create job stress and affects employee motivation in the UK hotel industry. Additionally, the study provides suggestions for the UK hotel businesses on how staff motivation can be improved to increase their performance and productivity in the workplace. The objectives of this study are to a) find out the factors causing stress in the workplace of UK hotel industry; b) find out the factors increasing motivation in the workplace of UK hotel industry; c) analyze how stress in the workplace of UK hotel industry affect staff motivation; and d) provide recommendations for businesses of hotel industry in the UK on how stress in the workplace can be reduced and staff motivation can be improved to increase staff productivity and performance.
This study applied several methods and methodology to successfully complete the research work. This research applied positivism philosophy to conduct statistical and quantitative research. This study applied a quantitative method of research for accomplishing the research. The researcher applied the descriptive design to explain the reason for stress in the workplace and its effect on employee motivation. The researcher used a deductive approach to develop a conceptual framework and to conclude the research outcome. The researcher applied both primary and secondary sources of data to meet the research goals. This study selected 100 staff from hotels in London of UK to collect the quantitative information by using a survey questionnaire. The researcher maintained validity and reliability along with research ethics in this study.
This study found different factors which create stress in the workplace of UK hotel businesses. The key reasons for stress in the workplace of the UK hotel industry are bad management behavior, a power workplace environment and unexpected job position and time schedule. Then, the study found a number of factors that de-motivate staff in the workplace. These are poor management, job insecurity, poor communication, poor development opportunities, and unrealistic workload. The majority numbers of the employees are de-motivated at the workplace due to the poor management system and unrealistic workload in the workplace. The majority of respondents recommended that employers should make employees feel valued in the workplace and should improve communication to reduce the stress levels in the workplace. Finally, the majority of participants recommended increasing recognition of employee contribution, salaries and wages, and flexible work schedule and workload to improve staff motivation in the workplace.
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.0 Introduction
The present world is rapidly changing. The rapid changes of the business world due to globalization, technological advancement and disruption, and changes in the customer buying behaviors are now becoming the business environment more competitive than ever before (Bano and Jha, 2012). In this competitive marketplace, businesses have to bring a rapid change in their strategies or tactics. Among several strategies keeping the staff motivated is playing the vital role that supports the business organizations to achieve a competitive advantage for both organization and its employees (Bruce, 2017).
Employees are significant for every business organization. To conduct different business operations effectively and meet organizational goals it is essential for businesses to keep motivated their staffs to show better performance and productivity in the workplace. According to Lindner (2017), most business organizations give efforts as well as develop effective tactics or strategies to satisfy their employees. The managers of business organizations should give efforts to motivate or inspire the staff to perform their best. Hiam (2015) stated that the managers or the supervisors of the business organizations can give their best efforts to satisfy the employees that in turn increase the employees’ efficiency. This study looks into reasons for stress in the workplace in terms of the UK hotel industry.
1.1 Background of the research
Job stress refers to emotional disruptions, physical as well as mental change of staff in the workplace. Murali et al. (2017) said that violence, role ambiguity, organizational change, changing demands of the staff and bullying are recognized as the key reason for job stress. According to Smallwood and Wade (2013), the main reason of stress in the workplace includes confliction between staffs and managers and poor management policies. Fink (2016) said that employees are considered a vital spark of a business organization. Thus, it is essential for businesses to motivate their employees in the workplace to gain their high performance and productivity that in term will meet the business goals.
A study by Roger and Petrie (2016) found a significant level of impact of stress in the workplace on staff motivation. This statement is strongly agreed by Murali et al. (2017) by disclosing that stress nowadays in the workplace is considered as a serious factor that keeps the employees under stress in the workplace. Another study by Neill and Davis (2011) found that stress in the workplace has a significant impact on staff performance, productivity and motivation. This creates different problems mainly in customer-oriented business organizations. When the staffs face conflicting demands from the business organizations and customers, it creates dissension for the employees and increases the staff turnover.
Wood et al. (2014) said that nowadays it has been a big issue for businesses to deal with the stress in the workplace and promoting different motivational factors to increase their staff performance and motivational level in the workplace. A study by Davis (2015) showed that the hotel industry is closely related to the tourism industry, where staff motivation contributes a lot in the way of meeting organizational goals. The customers of the hotel industry can taste the positive experiences because of the excellent services from hotel staff. This means reduced stress and high employee motivation increase staff satisfaction level that in turn increase customer satisfaction level.
A study by Ross (2015) stated that a key challenging issue that managers of the hotel industry face are dealing with stress in the workplace and staff motivation. Another study by Ross (2015) said stress in the workplace has a significant concern in the hotel industry. The employees of business organizations can be exhausted because of the job stress that in turn affects the customer services negatively (Kim, 2018). Stress in the workplace (mainly in the hotel industry) is closely related to both several physical and mental diseases. The key physical illnesses that are the cause of job stress are high blood pressure, stroke and heart attract, ulcer and indigestion, and the key mental illness that is the cause of job stress are fatigue and anxiety.
These mental and physical illnesses lose staff motivation and hider service quality, staff productivity get affected but also it is the key reason to increase employers’ employee healthcare costs. The physical infrastructure of the hotel industry runs with professional support and expert human resources which make better customer service. The motivational level of staff in the workplace of UK hotel businesses reveals how the employees are ready as well as willing to make the customer service better. Though the hotel industry is rapidly growing, it poses a huge need for the utilization of great service employees. In the current era, the key challenging task for the hotel industry is to satisfy the employees to the extent where quality services can be given to the consumers. In summary, it is seen that job stress affects staff performance and productivity negatively, where staff motivation influences staff performance and productivity positively.
1.2 Research rationale
According to Davis (2015), the stress in the workplace has come under the deep concern of hotel business to manage in the workplace, whereas the staffs of the hotel industry of UK feel stressed because of different reasons whereas 70% of workers feel overworked in the workplace. According to Wani (2013), job stress affects staff motivation in a negative way as this makes the staff exhausted. Murali et al. (2017) said that job stress creates different physiological as well as physical problems such as headaches, fatigue, stroke, heart problem, stomach ulcer and indigestion. Barsade (2015) said that job stress creates a number of physical and mental illnesses such as fatigue, insomnia and high blood pressure. According to Quick et al. (2012), different physiological and physical problems de-motivate the employees in the workplace which in turn result in poor employee performance that has a significant impact on quality of services, brand image, and other business operation of businesses in the hotel industry.
This statement is fully supported by Fink (2016) stating that job stress creates several challenges in the workplace. Akgunduz (2014) said that the hotel industry is mainly customer-oriented. Thus, stress among staff in the workplace creates staff confliction that in turn de-motivates customers. That is why they face high staff confliction in the workplace due to high job stress. Another study by Vetrakova and Mazuchova (2016) stated that one of the big concerns of hotel businesses is reduced stress among staff in the workplace. However, it is very challenging for them to ensure a realistic workload and an effective management system to reduce stress among staff in the workplace. Therefore, it has become an issue for the hotel businesses to minimize the stress level of the staff. Thus, this proposed research’s key aim is to find out the key factors that create job stress and how to increase the employee motivational level in the workplace. This research also focuses on how to reduce job stress as well as increase employee motivation in the workplace.
1.3 Problem statement
Lazarus (2013) said that stress is the factor that is ubiquitous. This factor can demonstrate to be inflated for the business organizations because it may be the key reason for high staff turnover. A study by Villanueva and Djurkovic (2017) disclosed that stress among staff in the workplace is a major issue for business organizations that are mainly customer-oriented. The key reason is employees must face conflicting demands from the employer, managers and customers. The conflicts between the managers and staff, customers and the staff may create disagreement for the employees of the hotel industry (Ruyter et al. 2013).
Cooper and Dewe (2018) said that there is a common agreement and commitment of hoteliers to decrease stress among staff in the workplace and creates a reduction in the expenses for the employers. However, a very limited number of businesses are fully able to keep their commitment to reducing job stress and improving staff motivation. Therefore, as a study by Michie (2012), it is now a challenging factor for the business in the hotel industry to know the real cause of stress among staff and find out the main staff motivational factors. Thus, it is an issue to conduct a study for businesses in the UK hotel industry to find out reasons for stress in the workplace and their impact on employee motivation to find out motivational factors that increase staff performance.
1.4 Research aims and objectives
Aim
This study looks into the factors that create job stress and affects employee motivation in the UK hotel industry. Additionally, the study provides suggestions for the UK hotel businesses on how staff motivation can be improved to increase their performance and productivity in the workplace…………………………..
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