Impact of AI and Automation on The Job Market in The Next 20 Years (GC01866)

Table of Contents

1.0      Introduction.

2.0 Describing AI and automation.

2.1 Description of Artificial Intelligence.

2.3 Description of Automation.

2.3 Differences between AI and automation.

2.0      Types of jobs are threatened by AI and automation.

4.0 Conclusion.

1.0  Introduction

This present world is a globalized and modernized world. The next years cover the world through artificial intelligence and automation in every area of life. According to Brian Hurling (2018), Artificial intelligence is also referred to as machine intelligence by which all activities are done by machines through the combined effort of machines and human beings. According to Huang (2019), Automation is a technique by which all tasks are controlled automatically through using automatic tools and techniques. Copeland (2020) stated that the rate of using AI and automation is increasing in the business and other sectors that negatively reduce the job sectors of people. This paper firstly introduces artificial intelligence and automation. After that, it shows that the job sectors which can be affected through innovation of artificial intelligence and automation in the next 20 years.

2.0 Describing AI and automation

2.1 Description of Artificial Intelligence

According to Copeland (2020), Artificial intelligence (AI) indicates a program or machine that can be able to understand and do the task according to command.  It is also referred to as a “smart” computer program for running the functions without any human help. It is a branch of the development of machines, thinking capability and working capability by which it seems like a human being. Artificial intelligence can be categorized under weak AI, strong AI, and superintelligence (Brian Hurling, 2018). Artificial intelligence is used in several sectors including virtual assistant, agriculture and farming, autonomous flying, retail, shopping and fashion, security and surveillance, sports analytics, manufacturing areas and inventory management. The component of artificial intelligence is shown in the following figure:

   2.3 Description of Automation

On the contrary, Automation is considered a technology that helps to perform a task with minimal help of people. Jonty Bloom (2019) stated that Automation is a technique by which all tasks are controlled automatically through using automatic tools and techniques. Day by day, the rate of using automation is increasing in the business and other sectors that negatively reduce the job sectors of people. Automation is used in several sectors including control of machinery, systems of companies, boilers, switching, stabilization ships, aircraft and vehicles. It helps to replace human performers by applying machines automatically Automation can be categorized into 3 types including fixed, programmable and flexible automation (Huang, 2019).   Automation helps to increase productivity, proper use of materials, ensure better quality and safety, reduce labor and lead times. The advantages of AI and Automation in the business sector can’t be ignored. The following table shows the revenues from AI and automation applications from 2016 to 2025.

Table 1: Revenues from AI and automation application from 2016 to 2025

The above table represents that, the application of AI and automation in the business sectors has had a great impact in recent years as well as in future years.  In 2016, the revenues of business sectors from the application of AI and automation were 357.89 million but it will be increased to 31236.92 million in 2025.

2.3 Differences between AI and automation

2.0  Types of jobs that are threatened by AI and automation

Columbus (2018) stated that the next 20 years will cover the world through artificial intelligence and automation in every area of life. Day by day, the rate of using AI and automation is increasing in the business and other sectors that negatively reduce the job sectors of people.  Bernazzani (2019) stated that AI and automation increase the productivity and profitability of the business sectors but people will lose their jobs due to increasing the rate of artificial intelligence.

Bloom (2019) stated that due to automation and artificial intelligence, several jobs sectors are threatened including telemarketing, bookkeeping clerks, compensation managers, receptionists, couriers, proofreaders, computer specialists, research analysts, advertising people, and sales representatives. These sectors will be highly dependent on automatic machines and artificial intelligence to serve their services to customers. In addition, some other jobs are also threatened by the innovation of AI and automation that includes, waiters, shelf fillers, and elementary sales occupations, bar staff, kitchen and caring assistants, dental practitioners, senior professionals in education, higher education teachers and medical practitioners.

From the above table and figure, it has been noticed that some jobs are threatened by the innovation of AI and automation in the next 20 years. Among these, waiters jobs will be automated by 73% that reduce this job sector for the people;  shelf fillers jobs will be automated by 72% that reduce this job sector for the people, and elementary sales occupations jobs will be automated by 71% that reduce this job sector for the people, bar staffs jobs will be automated by 71% that reduce this job sector for the people, kitchen and caring assistants jobs will be automated by 69% that reduce this job sector for the people, dental practitioners jobs will be automated by 21% that reduce this job sector for the people, senior professionals in education jobs will be automated by 21% that reduce this job sector for the people, higher education teachers jobs will be automated by 20% that reduce this job sector for the people and medical practitioners jobs will be automated by 18% that reduce this job sector for the people (Sophia Bernazzani, 2019.

Another important alarming situation will be created in the job sectors due to the sales growth of Artificial intelligence and automation. Most of the business sectors and job sectors are highly developed through using artificial intelligence and automatic tools and techniques. The following table shows the sales growth of technologies including artificial intelligence and automatic tools.

From the table, it has been found that Artificial intelligence has a huge growth of application in the business fields that creates challenges in the job sectors and impact negatively on the job sectors. Therefore, it is clearly said that artificial intelligence and automation have a positive impact on business performance but a negative impact on the job sectors for the people.

4.0 Conclusion

In summary, this report has found that the next world is an automatic and digital world and people will more concentrate on artificial intelligence and automatic tools and techniques. Due to machine intelligence and automation, the job market will be highly competitive. In addition, most people will be lost their jobs due to machine intelligence and automation. This report has mentioned the job sectors which can be affected through innovation of artificial intelligence and automation in the next 20 years.

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